Alaska Native Policy in the Twentieth Century by Ramona Ellen Skinner

Author:Ramona Ellen Skinner [Skinner, Ramona Ellen]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: History, General
ISBN: 9781317732075
Google: uPODDwAAQBAJ
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2019-01-22T03:40:39+00:00

NOTES

1. Rennard Strickland and Charles F. Wilkinson, eds., Felix S. Cohen’s Handbook of Federal Indian Law (Charlottesville, Va.: Michie Bobbs-Merrill, 1982), 152; Donald L. Parman, Indians and the American West in the Twentieth Century (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994), 132-37.

2. S. Lyman Tyler, A History of Indian Policy (Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1973), 153.

3. Ibid., 188.

4. D’Arcy McNickle, Native American Tribalism (New York: Oxford University Press, 1973), 122-23; Strickland and Wilkinson, eds., Cohen’s Handbook of Federal Indian Law, 184.

5. “Declaration of Indian Purpose” American Indian Chicago Conference, June 13–20, 1961, quoted in part in Alvin M. Josephy, Jr., Red Power (New York: American Heritage Press, 1971), 39.

6. Ibid.

7. Strickland and Wilkinson, eds., Cohen’s Handbook of Federal Indian Law, 189.

8. McNickle, Native American Tribalism, 118-19; Vine Deloria, Jr. and Clifford Lytle, The Nations Within: The Past and Future of American Indian Sovereignty (New York: Pantheon Books, 1984), 197, 217.

9. “The American Indian and the Bureau of Indian Affairs,” A Study, with Recommendations by Alvin M. Josephy, Jr., February 11, 1969, quoted in part in Josephy, Jr., Red Power, 102.

10. Ibid.

11. Deloria and Lytle, The Nations Within, 216.

12. Ibid.

13. Ibid.

14. “Resolution For A New National Indian Policy,” by Senator George McGovern, October 13, 1966, quoted in part in Josephy, Jr., Red Power, 60-65.

15. Ibid.

16. Lyndon B. Johnson, “The Forgotten American” (Presidential message delivered to Congress, March 6, 1968), quoted in part in McNickle, Native American Tribalism, 124.

17. U.S., Indian Civil Rights Act, 82 Statutes at Large (1968): 77-78; For a historical analysis of the Indian Bill of Rights, see John R. Wunder, “Retained by The People”: A History of American Indians and the Bill of Rights (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994).

18. Richard M. Nixon, Message from the President of the United States Transmitting Recommendations for Indian Policy. H.R. Doc. No. 363, 91st Cong, 2d sess, 8 July 1970, 9.

19. Ibid, 10.

20. McNickle, Native American Tribalism, 169; U.S., Act of December 15, 1970, Restoring Blue Lake to Taos Pueblo, 84 Statutes at Large (1970): 1437.

21. McNickle, Native American Tribalism, 169.

22. Nixon, Message from the President of the United States Transmitting Recommendations for Indian Policy, 11; Deloria and Lytle, The Nations Within, 220.

23. Deloria and Lytle, The Nations Within, 216.

24. U.S., Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, 85 Statutes at Large (1971): 688-715.

25. U.S., Indian Self-determination and Education Assistance Act, 88 Statutes at Large (1975): 2203-2217.

26. Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, 688-715.

27. U.S., Indian Education Act, 86 Statutes at Large (1972): 235. Under the Nixon administration, Indian education was under investigation by a Special Senate Subcommittee on Indian Education and a report was issued in 1969 entitled “Indian Education: A National Tragedy - A National Challenge.” The report recommended greater Indian participation and control of their own educational programs.

28. Deloria and Lytle, The Nations Within, 219.

29. U.S., Indian Self-determination and Education Assistance Act, 2203-17.

30. Ibid, 2203.

31. U.S., Indian Health Care Improvement Act, 90 Statutes at Large (1976): 1400.

32. U.S., American Indian Religious Freedom Act, 92 Statutes at Large (1978): 469-470; U.S., Indian Child Welfare Act, 92 Statutes at Large (1978): 3069-78; U.

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